Search Faculty Publications

ANDREW KOPPELMAN

2022

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Originalism and the Football Coach’s Prayer, The Hill (May 7, 2022).

• Akhil Amar and the Dobbs Draft, The Hill (May 22, 2022).

• Bad Political Philosophy Can Kill You, The Hill (Apr. 24, 2022).

• Anti-Vaccine Judges Attack the Navy, The Hill (Mar. 14, 2022).

• Ketanji Brown Jackson and the Job of a Public Defender, The Hill (Feb. 27, 2022).

• Josh Hammer and Originalism’s Entropy, The Hill (Feb. 14, 2022).

• The Libertarian Myth at the Heart of Legal Challenges to Biden’s Vaccine Mandates, The Hill (Jan. 2, 2022).

• Scandalous Suppression at a Law Review, Chronicle of Higher Education (Jan. 12, 2022).

• Debating the Emory Law Journal Controversy, Academe Blog (Jan. 14, 2022) (Co-authored by: John K. Wilson).

• The Supreme Court’s Embarrasing OSHA Decision, Smerconish (Jan. 25, 2022).

• Abortion and the 13th Amendment, The Hill (Jan. 30, 2022).

Working Papers

• Rawls, Inequality, and Welfare State Capitalism, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 22-10, Northwestern Law & Econ Research Paper No. 22-07 (2022).

• The Increasingly Dangerous Variants of the “Most-Favored-Nation” Theory of Religious Liberty, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 22-01 (2022).

• Justice Alito, Originalism, and the Aztecs, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 22-02 (2022).

2021

Articles

• Why Do (Some) Originalists Hate America?, 63 Arizona Law Review 1033 (2021).

• In Praise of Evil Thoughts, 37 Social Philosophy & Policy 52 (2020).

• Do Transgender Students Have Rights to Equal Treatment in the Classroom?, American Prospect (Apr. 12, 2021).

• Between the Trenches of the Culture Wars, But Not with Ill Will: An Exchange, Public Discourse (Jan. 8, 2021) (Co-authored by: Adam J. MacLeod).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Neil Gorsuch’s Terrifying Paragraph, The Hill (Dec. 5, 2021).

• Has the Supreme Court Been Infected with Long Trump Syndrome?, The Hill (Nov. 2, 2021).

• Yes, This Is a Witch Hunt, Chronicle of Higher Education (Nov. 17, 2021).

• How Religious Liberty Was Distorted in the Age of COVID-19, The Hill (Nov. 21, 2021).

• Yale Law’s Bullying, Coercive Diversity Leaders, Chronicle of Higher Education (Oct. 18, 2021).

• Yale Law Needs to Learn to Watch Its Language, The Hill (Oct. 24, 2021).

• Halfway to the Right, New York Review of Books (Oct. 7, 2021).

• The Supreme Court’s Texas Abortion Decision Is a Threat to Constitutional Rights (All of Them), The Hill (Sept. 7, 2021).

• Linda Greenhouse and the Religious Right, The Hill (July 16, 2021).

• Gay Rights, Religion, and Giving Peace a Chance, Berkley Forum (July 26, 2021).

• Ending the Same-Sex Marriage Wars, The Hill (June 13, 2021).

• The Supreme Court Creates a New Religious Aristocracy, The Hill (Apr. 19, 2021).

• Abuse As a Constitutional Right: The Meriwether Case, The Hill (Apr. 5, 2021).

• Joe Manchin as a Hollywood Western Hero, The Hill (Mar. 9, 2021).

• Socialists for Capitalism, Niskanen Center (Feb. 2, 2021).

• No, It Would Not Be Unconstitutional for Trump’s Impeachment Trial to Take Place After He’s Out of Office, Law & Crime (Jan. 13, 2021) (Co-authored by: Steven Lubet).

• Is This Law Professor Really a Homicidal Threat?, Chronicle of Higher Education (Jan. 19, 2021).

• Cancel Culture Comes for the Moderates, The Hill (Jan. 24, 2021).

• A Time for Pity and Contempt, The Hill (Jan. 2, 2021).

• Why Trump Can’t Be Prosecuted, The Hill (Jan. 12, 2021).

Working Papers

• Michael Perry and Human Rights, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 21-24, ___ Emory Law Journal ___ (forthcoming 2021).

• Bostock and Textualism: A Response to Berman and Krishnamurthi, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 21-22 (2021).

2020

Books

• Gay Rights vs. Religious Liberty? The Unnecessary Conflict (2020).

Articles

• The Great Awokening and Overlapping Consensus, Public Discourse (Dec. 9, 2020).

• Gay Rights, Religious Liberty, and the Misleading Racism Analogy, 2020 BYU Law Review 1.

• Bostock, LGBT Discrimination, and the Subtractive Moves, 105 Minnesota Law Review Headnotes 1 (2020).

• Liberal Conservatism, New Rambler Review (Aug. 26, 2020).

• Bostock: What Two Conservatives Realized and Three Dissenters Missed, American Prospect (June 15, 2020).

• “The Function of the Independent Lawyer as a Guardian of Our Freedom”: The Great Stevens Dissent in Walters, 114 Northwestern University Law Review 1771 (2020).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• That Op-Ed About Jill Biden Is Awful. Northwestern’s Response Might Be Worse., Chronicle of Higher Education (Dec. 16, 2020) (Co-authored by: Steven Lubet).

• Mitch McConnell Might Not Endanger the Planet, The Hill (Nov. 6, 2020).

• What Georgia Voters Need to Know, The Hill (Nov. 12, 2020).

• COVID-19, Masks and the Freedom to Drive Drunk, The Hill (Nov. 29, 2020).

• Void the Police Contracts, The Hill (Sept. 13, 2020).

• What Is Systemic Racism, Anyway?, USA Today (Sept. 23, 2020).

• The Real Danger Amy Coney Barrett Poses to ObamaCare, The Hill (Sept. 27, 2020).

• Supreme Court Rulings Make the World Safer for Both LGBT People and Religious Freedom, USA Today (July 21, 2020).

• Gay Rights, Religion and What’s Wrong with Principles, The Hill (July 22, 2020).

• States Must Protect Their Residents from Criminals — Even Ones Wearing Federal Uniforms, The Hill (July 28, 2020).

• Is the Roberts Court Going to Let Coronavirus Kill Us?, Just Security (Apr. 17, 2020) (Co-authored by: Steven Lubet).

2019

Articles

• The Real Trouble with Emoluments, American Prospect (Sept. 19, 2019) (Co-authored by: Steven Lubet).

• This Isn’t About You: A Comment on Smith’s Pagans and Christians in the City, 56 San Diego Law Review 393 (2019).

Working Papers

• LGBT Discrimination and the Subtractive Moves, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 19-19 (2019).

2018

Articles

• Tebbe and Reflective Equilibrium, 31 Journal of Civil Rights & Economic Development 125 (2018).

• American Evil: A Response to Kleinfeld on Punishment, 50 Arizona State Law Journal 179 (2018).

• Why the Mueller Investigation Is Constitutional, The American Prospect (May 30, 2018) (Co-authored by: Steven Lubet).

Contributions to Books

• The Joys of Mutual Contempt, in Religious Freedom, Lgbt Rights, and The Prospects for Common Ground, edited by William Eskridge, Jr. & Robin Fretwell Wilson (2018) at 111.

• What Kind of Human Right is Religious Liberty?, in Research Handbook on Law and Religion, edited by Rex Ahdar (2018).

2017

Articles

• Unparadoxical Liberalism, 54 San Diego Law Review 257 (2017).

• Corrupting the National Book Award?, Balkinization (Oct. 26, 2017).

• Why the Trump Administration Will Lose Its Case Against Gay Rights, Fortune (Jul. 29, 2017).

• How Could Religious Liberty Be a Human Right?, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 17-15, Northwestern Law & Econ Research Paper No. 17-08, International Journal of Constitutional Law (forthcoming 2017).

• Introduction: The Moral Demands of Commercial Speech, 25 William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 761 (2017).

• Kent Greenawalt, Defender of the Faith, 95 Texas Law Review 821 (2017) (reviewing Kent Greenawalt, EXEMPTIONS: NECESSARY, JUSTIFIED, OR MISGUIDED?).

• If Liberals Knew Themselves Better, Conservatives Might Like Them Better, 20 Lewis & Clark Law Review 1201 (2017).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Masterpiece Cakeshop and How “Religious Liberty” Became So Toxic, VOX (Dec. 6, 2017).

• Does Jason Chaffetz Understand His Job?, CNN.com (Feb. 11, 2017) (Co-authored by: Steven Lubet).

2016

Articles

• Lupu, Tuttle, and Singling out Religion, 111 Northwestern University Law Review Online 41 (2016).

• A Free Speech Response to the Gay Rights/Religious Liberty Conflict, Northwestern University Law Review (2016).

• Greenawalt and the Place of Religion: Comment on the McElroy Lecture, University of Detroit Mercy School of Law, March 16, 2016, 93 University of Detroit Mercy Law Review 369 (2016).

• Kathleen Brady, the Distinctiveness of Religion in American Law: Rethinking Religion Clause Jurisprudence, Journal of Religion (forthcoming).

• A Zombie in the Supreme Court: The Elane Photography Cert Denial, 7 Alabama Civil Rights & Civil Liberties Law Review 77 (2015).

• Revenge Pornography and First Amendment Exceptions, 65 Emory Law Journal 661 (2016).

• Unparadoxical Liberalism, San Diego Law Review (forthcoming).

2015

Articles

• Does Respect Require Antiperfectionism? Gaus on Liberal Neutrality, 22 Harvard Review of Philosophy 53 (2015).

• Is Hobby Lobby Worse for Religious Liberty Than Smith?, 9 St. Thomas Journal of Law & Public Policy 223 (2015) (Co-authored by: Frederick Mark Gedicks).

• Gay Rights, Religious Accommodations, and the Purposes of Antidiscrimination Law, 88 Southern California Law Review 619 (2015).

• The Piety of My Negative Judaism, 16 Rutgers Journal of Law & Religion 303 (2015).

• Six Overrulings, 113 Michigan Law Review 1043 (2015).

• Nonexistent and Irreplaceable: Keep the Religion in Religious Freedom, 142 Commonweal (Apr. 10, 2015).

• “Religion” as a Bundle of Legal Proxies: Reply to Micah Schwartzman, 51 San Diego Law Review 1079 (2014).

• Theorists, Get Over Yourselves: A Response to Steven D. Smith, 41 Pepperdine Law Review 937 (2014).

• Beyond Levels of Scrutiny: Windsor and "Bare Desire to Harm", 64 Case Western Reserve Law Review 1045 (2014).

2014

Articles

• Left-Evangelicalism and the Constitution, reviewing THE EVANGELICAL ORIGINS OF THE LIVING CONSTITUTION CONSTITUTION by John W. Compton, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2014, Pp. 272, $45.00, 128 Harvard Law Review Forum 1 (2014).

• Did the Law Professors Blow It in the Health Care Case?, 2014 University of Illinois Law Review 1273.

• Ronald Dworkin, Religion, and Neutrality, 94 Boston University Law Review 1241-1253 (2014).

• The Costs of the Public Good of Religion Should Be Borne by the Public, 67 Vanderbilt Law Review En Banc 185-187 (2014) (Co-authored by: Frederick Mark Gedicks).

• Invisible Women: Why an Exemption for Hobby Lobby Would Violate the Establishment Clause, 67 Vanderbilt Law Review En Banc 51-66 (2014) (Co-authored by: Frederick Mark Gedicks).

• The Hobby Lobby Decision was a Victory for Human Rights, New Republic Online (June 30, 2014).

• The Supreme Court’s Hobby Lobby Decision Just Got a Whole Lot Worse, New Republic Online (July 4, 2014).

• Obamacare Opponents are Hurting 4.5 Million Workers to Win a Political War, New Republic Online (July 23, 2014).

• Critical Exchange on Human Rights as Social Construction, Contemporary Political Theory doi:10.1057/cpt.2014.10 (May 20, 2014).

• Stanley Fish as Lord Grantham, 9 Fiu Law Review 57-58 (2013).

• Invisible Women: Why an Exemption for Hobby Lobby Would Violate the Establishment Clause, 67 Vanderbilt Law Review En Banc 51 (2014) (Co-authored by: Frederick Mark Gedicks).

• “Freedom of the Church” and the Authority of the State, 21 Journal of Contemporary Issues 145-164.

• Did the Law Professors Blow It in the Health Care Case?.

2013

Books

• The Tough Luck Constitution and the Assault on Health Care Reform (Oxford University Press 2013).

Articles

• Religion’s Specialized Specialness, 79 University of Chicago Law Review Dialogue 71 (2013).

• Why Scalia Should Have Voted to Overturn DOMA, 108 Northwestern University Law Review Colloquy 131 (2013).

• Darwell, Habermas, and the Fluidity of Respect, 26 Ratio Juris 523 (2013).

• Keep It Vague: The Many Meanings of Religious Freedom, 140 Commonweal (November 15, 2013).

• Endorsing the Endorsement Test, 7 Charleston Law Review 710-725 (2013).

• Veil of Ignorance: Tunnel Constructivism in Free Speech Theory, 107 Northwestern University Law Review 647-730 (2013).

• And I Don’t Care What It Is: Religious Neutrality in American Law, 39 Pepperdine Law Review 1115 (2013).

Contributions to Books

• "Necessary," "Proper", and Health Care Reform, in The Health Care Case: The Supreme Court's Decision and Its Implications, edited by Nathaniel Persily, Gillian E. Metzger, and Trevor W. Morrison (Oxford University Press 2013) at 105-119.

Working Papers

• “Freedom of the Church” and the Authority of the State.

• Reading Lolita at Guantanamo Or, This Page Cannot Be Displayed.

• Conscience, Volitional Necessity, and Religious Exemptions.

• Judging the Case Against Same-Sex Marriage.

• And I Don’t Care What It Is: Religious Neutrality in American Law.

2012

Books

• Defending American Religious Neutrality (Harvard University Press 2013).

Articles

• Originalism, Abortion, and the Thirteenth Amendment, 112 Columbia Law Review 1917-1945 (2012).

• Justice Stevens, Religious Enthusiast, 106 Northwestern University Law Review 567-586 (2012).

• Respect and Contempt in Constitutional Law, or, Is Jack Balkin Heartbreaking?, 71 Maryland Law Review 1126-1143 (2012).

• Response [to Elizabeth M. Glazer]: Sexual Disorientation, 100 Georgetown Law Journal 1083-1091 (2012).

• Waldron, Responsibility-Rights, and Hate Speech, 43 Arizona State Law Journal 1201-1221 (2011).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Roberts’ Crafty Victory, SALON.COM (July 5, 2012).

• Uninsured Still Being Screwed, SALON.COM (July 2, 2012).

• Origins of a Healthcare Lie, Salon (May 31, 2012).

Working Papers

• The Story of Welsh v. United States: Elliott Welsh’s Two Religious Tests.

• Darwall, Habermas, and the Fluidity of Respect.

• “Necessary,” “Proper,” and Health Care Reform.

• Another Solipsism: Rae Langton on Sexual Fantasy.

• Bad News for Everybody: Lawson and Kopel on Health Care Reform and Originalism.

• Justice Stevens, Religious Enthusiast.

• Respect and Contempt in Constitutional Law, Or, Is Jack Balkin Heartbreaking?.

2011

Books

• Andrew Koppelman, Richard W. Garnett are the editors of First Amendment Stories (Foundation Press 2012) (Co-authored by: Richard W. Garnett).

Articles

• Bad News for Mail Robbers: The Obvious Constitutionality of Health Care Reform, Yale Law Journal Online.

• Why Jack Balkin is Disgusting, 27 Constitutional Commentary 177-187 (2010).

Contributions to Books

• The Story of Welsh v. United States: Elliott Welsh’s Two Religious Tests, in First Amendment Stories, edited by Andrew Koppelman and Richard W. Garnett (Foundation Press 2012) at 294-318.

Working Papers

• How Shall I Praise Thee? Brian Leiter on Respect for Religion.

• Bad News for Mail Robbers: The Obvious Constitutionality of Health Care Reform.

2010

Articles

• The Nonproblem of Fundamentalism, 18 William & Mary Bill of Rights Journal 915-923 (2010).

Contributions to Books

• Forced Labor, Revisited: The Thirteenth Amendment and Abortion, in The Promises of Liberty: The History and Contemporary Relevance of The Thirteenth Amendment, edited by Alexander Tsesis (Columbia University Press 2010).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Defense of Marriage Act’s Achilles Heel, Los Angeles Times (July 14, 2010).

Working Papers

• DOMA, Romer, and Rationality.

• Careful With That Gun: Lee, George, Wax, and Geach on Gay Rights and Same-Sex Marriage.

• Forced Labor, Revisited: TheThirteenth Amendment and Abortion.

• The New American Civil Religion: Lesson for Italy.

• No Respect: Brian Leiter on Religion.

2009

Books

• A Right to Discriminate? How the Case of Boy Scouts of America V. James Dale Warped the Law of Free Association (Yale University Press 2009) (Co-authored by: Tobias Barrington Wolff).

Articles

• The Limits of Constructivism: Can Rawls Condemn Female Genital Mutilation?, 71 Review of Politics 459-482 (2009) Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1022132.

• Phony Originalism and the Establishment Clause , 103 Northwestern University Law Review 727-750 (2009) Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1022132.

• Religious Establishment and Autonomy , 25 Constitutional Commentary 291-295 (2009) Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1022132.

• Corruption of Religion and the Establishment Clause , 50 William And Mary Law Review 1831-1935 (2009).

• The Troublesome Religious Roots of Religious Neutrality, 84 Notre Dame Law Review 865-886 (2009).

• Naked Strong Evaluation (book review of Charles Taylor, A Secular Age), 56 Dissent 105 (Winter 2009).

Working Papers

• Why Jack Balkin is Disgusting.

2008

Articles

• Expressive Association and the Ideal of the University in the Solomon Amendment Litigation , 25 Social Philosophy and Policy 92-122 (2008) (Co-authored by: Tobias Barrington Wolff ).

• The Limits of Strategic Litigation, 17 Law & Sexuality 1-5 (2008).

• Is Pornography “Speech”?, 14 Legal Theory 71-89 (2008).

• Why Phyllis Schlafly is Right (But Wrong) About Pornography, 31 Harvard Journal of Law & Public Policy 105-125 (2008).

• Eros, Civilization, and Harry Clor , 31 New York University Review of Law & Social Change 855-864 (2007).

• Free Speech and Pornography: A Response to James Weinstein, 31 New York University Review of Law & Social Change 899-910 (2007).

Working Papers

• Is Pornography 'Speech'? (2008).

• Why Phyllis Schlafly is Right (But She's Wrong) About Pornography (2008).

2007

Articles

• On Affirmative Action and “Truly Individualized Consideration”, 101 Northwestern University Law Review 1469-1481 (2007) (Co-authored by: Donald Rebstock ).

• Reading Lolita at Guantanamo or, This Page Cannot Be Displayed, 57 Syracuse Law Review 209-225 (2007).

• Justice for Large Earlobes! A Comment on Richard Arneson’s “What is Wrongful Discrimination?” , 43 San Diego Law Review 809-815 (2006).

• The Difference the Mini-DOMAs Make , 38 Loyola University Chicago Law Journal 265-278 (2007).

• You Can’t Hurry Love: Why Antidiscrimination Protections for Gay People Should Have Religious Exemptions , 72 Brooklyn Law Review 125-146 (2006).

Contributions to Books

• The Defense of Marriage Act: Federal Level, in Defending Same-sex Marriage, edited by Mark Strasser (Praeger 2007) at Volume 1, Pages 141-160.

2006

Books

• Same Sex, Different States: When Same-sex Marriages Cross State Lines (Yale University Press 2006).

Articles

• On Affirmative Action and "Truly Individualized Consideration" , 2006 Northwestern University Law Review Colloquy 6 (Co-authored by: Donald Rebstock ).

• Reading Lolita at Guantanamo, Dissent (Spring 2006).

• Is It Fair to Give Religion Special Treatment?, 2006 University of Illinois Law Review 571.

• Drug Policy and the Liberal Self, 100 Northwestern University Law Review 279-293 (2006).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• States Will Have to Recognize Same-Sex Relationships , Chicago Sun Times (November 18, 2006).

• Clean water is symbol of the power of the people, San Francisco Chronicle (July 23, 2006 ) (Co-authored by: David Dana).

2005

Articles

• Interstate Recognition of Same-Sex Marriages and Civil Unions: A Handbook for Judges, 153 University of Pennsylvania Law Review 2143-2194 (2005).

• The Decline and Fall of the Case Against Same-Sex Marriage, 2 University of St. Thomas Law Journal 5-32 (2004).

• Does Obscenity Cause Moral Harm?, 105 Columbia Law Review 1635-1679 (2005) Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1022132.

• Interstate Recognition of Same-Sex Civil Unions After Lawrence v. Texas, 65 Ohio State Law Journal 1265-1282 (2004).

• Should Noncommercial Associations Have an Absolute Right to Discriminate?, 67 Law & Contemporary Problems 27-57 (2004).

• Are the Boy Scouts Being as Bad as Racists? Judging the Scouts' Antigay Policy, 18 Public Affairs Quarterly 363 (2004).

• The Fluidity of Neutrality, 66 Review of Politics 633-648 (2004).

Contributions to Books

• The Rule of Lawrence, in In the Future of Gay Rights in America, edited by Harry Hirsch (Routledge 2005) at 151-168.

• The Legal Debate Over Same-Sex Marriages, in 2005 Encyclopedia Britannica Book of The Year at 206.

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Darwin Inherits Galileo's Detractors, Chicago Tribune (August 21, 2005).

2004

Articles

• Civil Conflict and Same-Sex Civil Unions, 14 The Responsive Community 20-25 (2004).

• How "Decentralization" Rationalizes Oligarchy: John McGinnis and the Rehnquist Court, 20 Constitutional Commentary 11-37 (2003).

• Lawrence's Penumbra, 88 Minnesota Law Review 1171 (2004).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Perspectives on Same Sex Marriage: An Amendment that Would Freeze the Will of the People, San Francisco Chronicle (February 10, 2004) (Co-authored by: Steven Lubet) .

2003

Articles

• Defending the Sex Discrimination Argument for Lesbian and Gay Rights: A Reply to Edward Stein, 1 The Dukeminier Awards: Best Sexual Orientation Law Review Articles of 2001 49-68 (2002).

• No Expressly Religious Orthodoxy: A Response to Steven D. Smith, 78 Chicago-kent Law Review 729-738 (2003).

• The Right to Privacy?, 2002 University of Chicago Legal Forum 105-117 (2002).

Contributions to Books

• Discrimination Against Gays Is Sex Discrimination, in Marriage And Same-sex Unions: A Debate, edited by Lynn D. Wardle, Mark Strasser, William C. Duncan, and David Orgon Coolidge (Praeger 2003) at 209-220.

• Reply to "The Constitutionality of Legal Preferences for Heterosexual Marriage", in Marriage and Same-sex Unions: A Debate, edited by Lynn D. Wardle, Mark Strasser, William C. Duncan, and David Orgon Coolidge (Praeger 2003) at 241-243.

• Homosexual Conduct: A Reply to the New Natural Lawyers, in Same Sex: Debating The Ethics, Science And Culture of Homosexuality (Rowman and Littlefield 1997) .

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Distorting the Same-Sex Marriage Decision, Chicago Tribune (November 23, 2003) .

2002

Books

• The Gay Rights Question In Contemporary American Law (University of Chicago Press 2002).

Articles

• Signs of the Times: Dale v. Boy Scouts of America and the Changing Meaning of Nondiscrimination, 23 Cardozo Law Review 1819 (2002).

• Secular Purpose, 88 Virginia Law Review 87-166 (2002).

2001

Articles

• Defending the Sex Discrimination Argument for Lesbian and Gay Rights: A Reply to Edward Stein, 49 Ucla Law Review 519-538 (2001).

• Measured Endorsement, 60 Maryland Law Review 713-760 (2001) (Co-authored by: Shari Seidman Diamond) .

• On the Moral Foundations of Legal Expressivism, 60 Maryland Law Review 777-784 (2001) .

• Talking to the Boss: On Robert Bennett and the Counter-Majoritarian Difficulty, 95 Northwestern University Law Review 955-960 (2001) .

Contributions to Books

• The Miscegenation Analogy in Europe, or, Lisa Grant meets Adolph Hitler, in Legal Recognition of Same-sex Partnerships: A Study of National, European And International Law, edited by Robert Wintemute and Mads Andenaes (Hart Publishing 2001) at 623-633.

2000

Articles

• Why Gay Legal History Matters, 113 Harvard Law Review 2035-2060 (2000).

• Feminism and Libertarianism: A Response to Richard Epstein, 1999 University of Chicago Legal Forum 115-132 (1999).

Contributions to Books

• Full Faith and Credit Clause, in The Constitution and Its Amendments, edited by Roger K. Newman (Macmillan Reference USA 1999) at Volume 2, Pages 51-52.

• Baehr v. Lewin, in Encyclopedia of The American Constitution, 2nd ed., edited by Leonard W. Levy and Kenneth L. Karst (Macmillan Reference USA 2000) at Volume 1, Page 147.

1999

Articles

• Akhil Amar and the Establishment Clause, 33 University of Richmond Law Review 393-405 (1999) .

1997

Articles

• Is Marriage Inherently Heterosexual?, 42 American Journal of Jurisprudence 51-96 (1997).

1995

Articles

• Gaze in the Military: A response to Professor Woodruff, 64 Umkc Law Review 179-193 (1995-1996).

1994

Articles

• Why Discrimination against Lesbians and Gay Men is Sex Discrimination, 69 New York University Law Review 197-287 (May 1994).

1992

Articles

• Sex Equality and/or the Family: From Bloom vs. Okin to Rousseau vs. Hegel, 4 Yale Journal of Law & The Humanities 399-432 (1992).