Search Faculty Publications

DANIEL W. LINNA JR.

2025

Articles

• Trust Through Words: The Systemize-Empathize-Effect of Language in Task-Oriented Conversational Agents, 165 Computers in Human Behavior 108516 (2025) (Co-authored by: Sabine Brunswicker, Yifan Zhang, Chistopher Rashidian).

Continuing Legal Education (CLE) Materials

• Artificial Intelligence in Law Practice for Summer Associates and Interns (Apr. 2025).

2024

Articles

• Deepfakes in Court: How Judges Can Proactively Manage Alleged AI-Generated Material in National Security Cases, 2024 University of Chicago Legal Forum 75 (Co-authored by: Abhishek Dalal, Chongyang Gao, Hon. Paul W. Grimm (ret.), Maura R. Grossman, Chiara Pulice, V.S. Subrahmanian & Hon. John Tunheim).

Accepted Articles

• Empathetic Language in LLMs under Prompt Engineering: A Comparative Study in the Legal Field, ___ Procedia Computer Science ___ (forthcoming 2024) (Co-authored by: Yifan Zhang, Christopher Radishian, Sabine Brunswicker, Dan Whitenack).

Contributions to Books

• Structured Legal Argumentation with LLMs: A Study in Landlord-Tenant Law, in Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, Volume 395: Legal Knowledge and Information Systems 369 (2024) (Co-authored by: Gregoire Fournier).

White Papers/Reports

• Government Use of Deepfakes: The Questions to Ask (2024) (Co-authored by: Daniel Byman & V. S. Subrahmanian).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Should Democratic Governments Use Deepfakes?, Lawfare (May 9, 2024) (Co-authored by: Daniel Byman & V. S. Subrahmanian).

• The Lawfare Podcast: How Should Governments Use Deepfakes?, Lawfare (Mar. 12, 2024) (Co-authored by: Eugenia Lostri, Daniel Byman, V. S. Subrahmanian & Jen Patja).

Working Papers

• Beyond Words: A Controlled Experiment on the Role of Linguistic Empathy for Trust in Conversational AI, Northwestern Law & Econ Research Paper No. 24-17, Northwestern Public Law Research Paper No. 24-25 (2024) (Co-authored by: Sabine Brunswicker, Yifan Zhang, Christopher Radishian).

2023

Contributions to Books

• The Impact of Empathy in Conversational AI: A Controlled Experiment with a Legal Chatbot, in Proceedings of the 57th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences 455 (2024) (Co-authored by: Sabine Brunswicker, Yifan Zhang, Christopher E. Rashidian).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Law: Daniel W. Linna Jr.: AI Is Changing the Skills Lawyers Need, CNN.com (Sept. 5, 2023).

• Those Who Don’t Use AI Will Fall Behind, CNN.com (Dec. 21, 2023).

2022

Articles

• Algorithmic Learning Foundations for Common Law, CSLAW ‘22: Proceedings of the 2022 Symposium on Computer Science and Law 109 (2022) (Co-authored by: Jason D. Hartline, Liren Shan & Alex Tang).

2021

Articles

• Foreword: Law + Computation: An Algorithm for the Rule of Law and Justice?, 19 Northwestern Journal of Technology & Intellectual Property 1 (2021).

• Evaluating Artificial Intelligence for Legal Services: Can “Soft Law” Lead to Enforceable Standards for Effectiveness?, Ieee Technology & Society Magazine 37 (Dec. 2021).

Contributions to Books

• Evaluating Legal Services: The Need for a Quality Movement and Standard Measures of Quality and Value, in Research Handbook on Big Data Law 403 (Roland Vogl eds. 2021).

2020

Articles

• Ethical Obligations to Protect Client Data when Building Artificial Intelligence Tools: Wigmore Meets AI, 27 Professional Lawyer No. 1 (2020) (Co-authored by: Wendy J. Muchman).

• Large Law Firm Technology Survey: Law Firm Leader Perceptions of the Value of Technology, Thomson Reuters Legal Executive Institute (Jan. 2020) (Co-authored by: David Curle).

Contributions to Books

• Evaluating Legal Services: The Need for a Quality Movement and Standard Measures of Quality and Value – Chapter in Research Handbook on Big Data Law, in Legaltech Lever (Mar. 12, 2020).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Good Housekeeping Seal of Approval for AI?, Legal Talk Network (Sept. 30, 2020) (Co-authored by: Maura R. Grossman).

• The Spanish Flu to Covid-19: How this Pandemic is Pushing Courts to Modernize, Legal Talk Network (Aug. 5, 2020) (Co-authored by: Bridget Mary McCormack).

• Contract Quality and AI: Garbage in, Garbage Out?, IACCM (Aug. 31, 2020) (Co-authored by: Helena Haapio).

• Innovation Lab Demos: Northwestern Law and Computer Science Students Partner with Organizations to Build Legal Technology Solutions, Lexblog (Apr. 29, 2020) (Co-authored by: Mona Kalantar).

• Wrongful Convictions, Making a Murderer, and Social Media with Laura Nirider, Legal Talk Network (Co-authored by: Laura H. Nirider).

2019

Articles

• The Future of Law and Computational Technologies: Two Sides of the Same Coin, Mit Computational Law Report (Dec. 6, 2019).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Exploring the Benefits and Impacts of Online Dispute Resolution, Legal Talk Network (Nov. 18, 2019) (Co-authored by: Shannon Salter).

• Ingrained Innovation: Creating a Resilient, Efficient Law Firm, Legal Talk Network (July 31, 2019) (Co-authored by: Stephen Poor).

2018

Contributions to Books

• Measuring Innovation to Drive Change and Improve Legal-Services Delivery and Access for Everyone, in Legal Tech: The Digitization of The Legal Market (Markus Hartung, Micha-Manuel Bues & Gernot Halbleib eds. 2018).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• How Microsoft Promotes Legal Innovation, Legal Talk Network (Dec. 7, 2018) (Co-authored by: Jason Barnwell).

• Integrating Technology and Encouraging Innovation, Legal Talk Network (Oct. 16, 2018) (Co-authored by: Connie Brenton).

• LEGAL SERVICES INNOVATION INDEX, LegalTechInnovation.COM (Aug. 22, 2017).

2017

Articles

• Leveraging Technology to Improve Legal Services: A Framework for Lawyers, Michigan Bar Journal 20 (June 2017).

Op-Eds/Blog Posts/Popular Press

• Law School Innovation Index - 11/2/2017 PROTOTYPE, LAW SCHOOL INNOVATION INDEX (Nov. 2, 2017).

2016

Articles

• What We Know and Need to Know About Legal Startups, 67 South Carolina Law Review 389 (2016).

2013

Articles

• What Business Lawyers Need to Know About Bankruptcy Court Authority After Stern v Marshall, Michigan Business Law Journal 12 (Spring 2013) (Co-authored by: Judy B. Calton).

Contributions to Books

• Equitable Remedies, in Michigan Contract Law, 2nd ed. (John R. Trentacosta ed. 2013) (Co-authored by: Judy B. Calton).

2012

Articles

• What Commercial Litigators Should Know About Bankruptcy, Michigan Lawyers Weekly (Aug. 20, 2012) (Co-authored by: Judy B. Calton).

• Common-Interest or Joint-Defense Agreements: Legal Requirements, Potential Pitfalls, and Best Practices, Michigan Business Law Journal 11 (Spring 2012) (Co-authored by: Jessica M. Warren).

• The Availability of Injunctive Relief in Commercial Disputes: Clarifying Michigan’s Preliminary-Injunction Standard, Michigan Bar Journal 36 (Feb. 2012) (Co-authored by: Daniel N. Adams).

2009

Articles

• Courts’ Treatment of Executory Contracts When Both Parties Are Debtors, American Bankruptcy Institute Journal 50 (Nov. 2009) (Co-authored by: Melanie A. Van Antwerp).

2006

Articles

• Contract Rejection Damages May Not Be Eligible for Setoff After All, Says Court, American Bankruptcy Institute Journal 1 (Sept. 2006).